The african catfish clarias gariepinus is native to subtropical africa but is now cultured across the planet. The dorsal fin has 6180 soft rays and the anal fin. The modal size of breeding fishes is 540 mm in females and 580 mm in males. Isolation and identification of pathogenic fungus from african catfish clarias gariepinus eggs and adults in national fishery and aquatic life research center hatchery, ethiopia hamere melaku 1, matios lakew2, esayas alemayehu 3, alemayehu wubie3 and mersha chane1 1gondar university, p.
Controlled hatchery production of african catfish, clarias. African sharptooth catfish clarias gariepinus is a typical airbreathing catfish with a scaleless, bony elongated body with long dorsal and anal fins, and a helmet like head figure 1. Its high fecundity, flexible phenotype, rapid growth, wide habitat preferences, tolerance to extreme water conditions and the ability to subsist on a wide variety of prey can devastate indigenous fish and aquatic invertebrate populations bruton, 1986. Most feeding takes place at night on active benthic organisms, but they may also feed during the day and at the water surface. They have strong pectoral fins with spines that are serrated on the outer side teugels 1986.
Leaves were treated by soaking in water for 3 days and sundrying for another 3 days. The african catfish, clarias gariepinus, a model for the study of. Mgbenka department of zoology, university of nigeria, nsukka, enugu state, nigeria. Mature ayb was boiled, fermented and processed into meals. They also occur in asia minor israel, syria and south of turkey. The breeding biology and early development of the common southern african clariid catfish, clarias gariepinus burchell, are described. They are found throughout africa and the middle east, and live in freshwater lakes, rivers, and swamps, as well as humanmade habitats, such as oxidation ponds or even urban sewage systems. Abstract aspects of the reproductive biology of the african catfish clarias gariepinus burchell caught from the anambra river basin.
Aspects of the reproductive biology of clarias gariepinus. The dorsal fin has 6180 soft rays and the anal fin has 4565 soft rays. Economics of catfish clarias gariepinus production. Chart showing the mean proximate composition of clarias gariepinus and oreochromis niloticus, march 20, pp. A comparative study on morphology, growth rate and.
The introduction of the larger african catfish clarias gariepinus has out competed the walking catfish and reduced the population of c. Pdf african catfish clarias gariepinus farming practices in north. Four experimental diets were formulated at 0% control, 10%, 20% and 30% inclusion levels of treated leucaena leaf meal. The dorsal fin has 6180 soft rays and the anal fin has. Histological assessment of gill pathology in two fish. Response of clarias gariepinus to diets of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa ayb subjected to two processing methods was assessed. Clarias gariepinus are readily recognized by their cylindrical body with scaleless skin, flattened bony head, small eyes, elongated spineless dorsal fin and four pairs of barbels around a broad mouth. Clarias gariepinus undertake lateral migrations from the larger water bodies, in which they feed and mature at about the age of 12 months, to temporarily flooded marginal areas in order to breed. In the present paper, reciprocal hybridization between c. Six valid species are recognized for the lower congo and the pool malebo.
This study could provide valuable information for fish biologists working in lake kariba and could provide useful information for biomonitoring programmes regarding. Mean and standard deviations for biochemical parameters of clarias gariepinus exposed to different concentrations of chemical additives effluent for 42 days concentration control 0. Haemoparasites of clarias gariepinus and synodontis clarias from lekki lagoon, lagos nigeria geimsa and examined under 100x objective oil immersion microscope. Seasonal distribution and condition factor of clarias. African sharptooth catfish clarias gariepinus anchor environmental. The sharptooth catfish clarias gariepinus has recently been shown to be a useful indicator species of oestrogen polluted waters in south africa barnhoorn et al. Clarias gariepinus an overview sciencedirect topics. In indonesia, the production of catfish is been the second largest after tilapia, reaching a production from 144,755 mt in 2009 to 644,221 mt in 20 11. African catfish, biowaste management, growth the african cat fish, clarias gariepinus burchell familyclaridae is a remarkable and fascinating species, as it is extremely hardy and withstands adverse environmental conditions and habitat instability. Presence of asian catfish clarias batrachus siluriformes.
Comparative reproductive and growth performance of clarias. The paper summarizes aspects of nutrition and growth in clarias species. Clarias gariepinus has all the qualities of an aggressive and successful invasive species. The present study attempts to assess for the african catfish, clarias gariepinus burchell, the earliest possible weaning time from artemia to crumbles of a commercial trout diet. Greek, chlaros lively, in reference to the ability of the fish to live for a long time out of water. To identify the cestodes infecting clarias gariepinus burchell, 1822 sharptooth catfish in the vaal dam, a total of 45 host specimens were collected with the aid. Pdf lengthweight relationship and condition factor of. The biology of the introduced species clarias gariepinus in lagoa encantada ilheus, bahia state was studied. Adw doesnt cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. These reproductive migrations typically take place shortly after the onset of the rainy season s. En north african catfish, fr poissonchat nordafricain.
Knowledge of the normal reproductive biology of this species is important to be able to assess the morphological changes caused by the exposure to potentially harmful toxicants including endocrine disruptor chemicals edcs. Comparative study on proximate and mineral element composition of clarias gariepinus from the cultured and wild sources 1obaroh, i. The upper surface of the head is coarsely granulated in adult fishes but smooth in young fish van oijen, 1995. Manual for the commercial pond production of the african catfish in uganda. The morphological and behavioural adaptations for feeding, and the food of c. Implementation manual for freshwater ecosystem priority areas. Occurrence of tetracampos ciliotheca proteocephalus. Value chain analysis of farmed nile tilapia oreochromis. Despite these differences, given the sympatric distribution of h. Of the many clarias species cultured, clarias gariepinus has been subject to particularly intensive research. Currently, induced spawning and artificial breeding have been used as means of conservation for the walking catfish in their native range.
Introduction of the african catfish clarias gariepinus burchell, 1822 into southern brazil article pdf available in biological invasions 84. Haemoflagellate parasite of clarias gariepinus and. Quagrainie3 1department of animal science and production, sokoine university of agriculture, morogoro, tanzania. Seasonal distribution and condition factor of clarias gariepinus from polluted oluwa river, nigeria ayandiran ta and fawoleoo pure and applied biology department, ladoke akintola university of technology, ogbomoso, nigeria abstract. Pdf response of african catfish, clarias gariepinus. Clarias gariepinus is distinguished from all the others by its numerous gill rakers. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. Clarias gariepinus or african sharptooth catfish is a species of catfish of the family clariidae, the airbreathing catfishes. Nutritional comparison of captured clarias gariepinus. Growth performance of the african catfish, clarias.
Clarias gariepinus coptodon zillii sarotherodon melanotheron. Tilapia, belonging to the family cichlidae, is a highly diverse group of more than 70 species found in nigeria15. Abstract aspects of the reproductive biology of the african catfish, c. Pdf we record here the introduction of the african catfish clarias gariepinus. Named after its type locality, the gariep river, the hottentot name for the orange river, south africa. Clarias gariepinus and clarias anguillaris remain the two catfish species most. However, except for a general description of larval mor phology and a shortterm comparison of growth rates between the hybrid and the female parent, no information is given on other hybrid characters. Skelton and others published neotype description for the african catfish clarias gariepinus burchell, 1822 pisces. Full length research article preliminary study on the intraspecific hybridization of clarias gariepinus and its reciprocal crosses was carried out to evaluate its hatching, survival and growth performance. Artificial reproduction and pond rearing of the african catfish, clarias gariepinus in sub sahara n africa a handbook fao fisheries technical paper. African sharptooth catfish clarias gariepinus is a typical airbreathing catfish with a scaleless. The african catfish clarias gariepinus and clarias. Pdf neotype description for the african catfish clarias.
Comparative reproductive and growth performance of clarias gariepinus burchell, 1822 and its hybrid induced with synthetic hormone and pituitary gland of clarias gariepinus introduction fish is the cheapest source of animal protein consumed by the average nigerian, accounting for about 40% of the total protein intake atanda, 2007. The name is derived from the greek chlaros, which means lively, in reference to the ability of the fish to live for a long time out of water. Aspects of the biology of clarias gariepinus in anambra. Preliminary results on the morphological characterisation. Among other characteristics, these two species differ primarilly in the number of gill rakers on the first branchial arch. Practical manual for the culture of the african catfish clarias gariepinus. The animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. Contrary to other clarias species, clarias gariepinus has a high number of gill rakers varying from 24110 ref. Weaning time in clarias gariepinus burchell larvae. Intraspecific hybridization of local and exotic clarias. Summary of the mapping process for alien invasive fishes for nem.
Pdf clarias gariepinus is widely cultured due to its tolerance to environmental. Manual on african magur clarias gariepinus culture in bangladesh. Apart from food fish, catfish have been utilized as policefish to control overbreeding in. Clarias species found in vietnam as well as for the hybrid between c. Clarias gariepinus, which is generally considered to be one of the most important tropical catfish species for aquaculture, has an almost panafrican distribution, ranging from the nile to west africa and from algeria to southern africa.
Clarias gariepinus food and agriculture organization of the united. Males and females of this species spawn as pairs in. Of these, the most utilized in aquaculture and fish farming is c. Description gill rakers fine, long and closely set. The condition factor k of the clarias gariepinus species in oluwa river, nigeria was done.
Clarias microphthalmus, pfeffer 1896 clarias micropthalmus, pfeffer 1896 clarias moorii, boulenger 1901 clarias mossambicus, peters 1852 clarias muelleri, pietschmann 1939 clarias robecchii, vinciguerra 1893 clarias syriacus, valenciennes 1840 clarias tsanensis, boulenger 1902 clarias vinciguerrae, boulenger 1902 clarius gariepinus, burchell 1822. Pdf introduction of the african catfish clarias gariepinus. Apart from food fish, catfish have been utilized as policefish to control over breeding in. The neotype designation is necessary because of the ambiguous data in linnaeus original description and it fixes the type locality to java. Clarias is a genus of catfishes order siluriformes of the family clariidae, the airbreathing catfishes. Nasal barbels 15 12 times as long as the head in fishes longer than 12 cm, and 1245 of the head length in smaller individuals. North african catfish are elongate with fairly long dorsal and anal fins. Effect of various organic acid supplementation diets on. Scientific note the introduction of the african catfish. Learn how to pronounce clarias gariepinus and more about the clarias gariepinus word at. This file contains a global overview of the aquaculture species clarias gariepinus.
Aspects of the biology of clarias gariepinus in anambra river basin. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. We describe a possible facilitation process between the catfish hoplosternum. African catfish, clarias gariepinus burchell, 1822. However, interbreeding of these fishes makes species delineation through morphology difficult. Introduction of the african catfish clarias gariepinus. The food and feeding behaviour of clarias gariepinus. Colour varies dorsally from dark to light brown and is often mottled with shades of olive and grey while the underside is a pale cream to white skelton 2001. African catfish clarias gariepinus and nile tilapia oreochromis niloticus in the sanyati basin of lake kariba. Lengthweight relationship and condition factor of 9 specimens of clarias gariepinus in lake naivasha were investigated monthly, from experimental surveys, for a period of 6 months october 2014 to april 2015. Clarias batrachus linnaeus, 1758 was a species that its condition faced the risk of extinction in most parts the java mainland due to the african catfish clarias gariepinus burchell, 1822 culture industry. A strain of african catfish, clarias gariepinus burchell, 1822, is a popular species for aquaculture industry in asian countries.
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